US GAAP

ASC 225: Income Statement

📖 Overview

ASC 225 provides guidance on the presentation of the income statement, including classification of expenses by function or nature, and presentation of discontinued operations and extraordinary items.

🎯 Scope

Applies to all business entities. Covers format of income statement, classification of revenues and expenses, and presentation of earnings per share (EPS).

⚙️ Key Principles

1. Income from Continuing Operations: Revenues and expenses from core operations.
2. Discontinued Operations: Results of operations that have been sold or disposed, presented net of tax.
3. Extraordinary Items: Unusual and infrequent items (rarely used after accounting changes).
4. Expenses: May be presented by function (COGS, SG&A) or by nature (materials, labor, depreciation).

✅ Recognition

Revenue recognized when earned and realizable (ASC 606). Expenses recognized when incurred (matching principle). Discontinued operations recognized when disposal occurs.

📏 Measurement

Measured at historical cost, fair value, or other bases per specific ASC topics. Revenue measured under ASC 606. Expenses measured as incurred or allocated.

📊 Presentation

Presented as a separate primary statement. Shows: revenue, COGS, gross profit, operating expenses, operating income, other income/expenses, income before tax, tax expense, net income, EPS.

📝 Disclosure Requirements

Disclose: Accounting policies, components of revenue and expenses, discontinued operations details, EPS calculations, and any unusual items.

🔗 Related Standards

ASC 606 (Revenue), ASC 740 (Income Taxes), ASC 260 (Earnings Per Share)

📁 Related Accounts in the Chart of Accounts

Explore accounts commonly associated with this accounting standard.