Account Information

Financial Statement Income Statement
Normal Balance Debit

Definition

Master account for accumulating all costs related to executing construction contracts, such as direct materials, direct labor, subcontractors, equipment rental, and indirect overheads. These costs are transferred to "Contracts in Progress - Asset" to calculate project profitability.

📐 IFRS vs US GAAP Accounting Treatment

IFRS IFRS 15 / IAS 2 Construction Cost
✅ Recognition Criteria

IFRS: Contract costs are recognized as expense when incurred, unless they meet capitalization criteria as part of a contract asset (e.g., contract fulfillment costs).

📏 Measurement Basis

IFRS: Costs are measured at actual amount paid or payable. Capitalized costs are amortized over the contract period. GAAP: Same measurement with amortization period details.

📝 Disclosure Requirements

IFRS: Disclose contract costs recognized as expense, capitalized costs and amortization method. GAAP: Additional disclosures on contract acquisition costs.

📌 Example:
Example: Contractor purchases materials for SAR 500,000 for a project. SAR 500,000 is recognized as construction cost when materials are used on the project.
US GAAP ASC 606 Construction Cost (ASC 606)
✅ Recognition Criteria

GAAP: Contract costs recognized as expense when incurred.

📏 Measurement Basis

GAAP: Measured at actual amount paid or payable.

📝 Disclosure Requirements

GAAP: Additional disclosures on contract acquisition costs.

📌 Example:
Example: Materials purchased for SAR 500,000. Construction cost = SAR 500,000.
⚠️ Key Difference Between IFRS and US GAAP

IFRS: Contract costs are recognized as expenses when incurred, and some costs are capitalized as part of the contractual asset. GAAP (ASC 606): Same principle, with details regarding capitalized contract costs.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is Construction Cost?

A: Construction Cost is the main account that accumulates all direct and indirect costs related to executing construction and contracting contracts. These costs include direct materials, direct labor, subcontractors, equipment rental, and indirect overheads.

Q: How are construction costs transferred to Contracts in Progress?

A: At the end of the accounting period, total construction costs are transferred to the "Contracts in Progress - Asset" account to calculate each project's profitability. Entry: Dr. Contracts in Progress - Asset, Cr. Construction Cost (by appropriate project).

Q: How is profitability determined for each project?

A: Project profitability is determined using the Percentage of Completion method under IFRS 15: (Total actual project costs ÷ Total estimated project costs) × Total contract revenue. Revenue and cost are recognized at the same percentage.

Q: How are indirect costs (overheads) treated in construction?

A: Indirect costs (e.g., salaries of engineers supervising multiple projects, shared equipment rental, security expenses) are allocated to projects using a reasonable method (e.g., ratio of direct costs per project or labor hours).

Q: How is Construction Cost presented on the income statement?

A: Construction Cost is presented on the income statement deducted from Construction Revenue to determine gross profit (or loss) from construction activities. It appears as a major line item under operating expenses.